• Dystonia Defined
  • What is Dystonia?
  • How is Dystonia Diagnosed?
  • What Form of Dystonia Do I Have?
    • Age of onset
    • How the body is affected
    • Cause
      • Primary
      • Secondary
      • Dystonia-plus
    • Additional disorders and conditions
  • Prognosis
  • Forms of Dystonia
    • Focal dystonias
      • Blepharospasm
        • More Info
      • Cervical dystonia
        • More Info
      • Oromandibular dystonia
        • More Info
        • OMD Network
      • Laryngeal dystonia
        • More Info
      • Writer’s cramp
        • More Info
    • Musicians’ dystonias
      • More Info
      • Focal hand dystonia
      • Embouchure dystonia
      • Musicians With Dystonia
    • Early onset generalized dystonia
      • More Info
    • Dopa-responsive dystonia
      • More Info
    • Myoclonic dystonia
      • More Info
    • Paroxysmal dyskinesias
      • More Info
    • Rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism
      • More Info
    • X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism
      • More Info
    • Secondary dystonia
      • More Info
      • Trauma
        • More Info
      • Drug-Induced
        • More Info
      • Toxins
      • Neurological and Metabolic Disorders
    • Psychogenic dystonia
      • More Info
  • Genetics
    • DNA, genes, and proteins
    • Dystonia genes
      • Early onset dystonia
      • Dopa-responsive dystonia
      • Myoclonic dystonia
      • Rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism
      • X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism
    • Preimplantation genetic diagnosis
  • Related & Differential Disorders
  • Frequently Asked Questions
    • FAQ Symptoms
    • FAQ Causes
    • FAQ Prognosis
  • Glossary
  • Links
• Cure Dystonia Initiative
  • Goal of the Cure Dystonia Initiative
  • What Makes CDI Different?
  • First Steps
  • Funding
• For The Media
  • Media Spokespeople
  • About Dystonia
  • See Dystonia
  • Living with Dystonia: People Profiles
  • Press Releases
  • Valerie Denney Communications
• Treatments
  • Non-Drug Therapies
    • Physical therapy
      • Goals
      • Posture and Alignment
      • Tips to Maintain Alignment
      • Daily Activities and Exercise
      • Stretching and Strengthening
      • Stress Management
    • Voice/Speech therapy
  • Oral Medications
    • Anticholinergics
    • Benzodiazepines
    • Baclofen
    • Dopaminergic agents/Dopamine-depleting agents
    • Tetrabenezine
  • Botulinum Toxin Injections
    • Forms of botulinum toxin
    • Methods
    • Optimizing results
    • Immunity
    • Reimbursement
  • Surgery
    • Surgery overview
    • Peripheral surgeries
      • Cervical Dystonia - Bertrand Procedure
      • Laryngeal Dystonia - Selective Denervation and Reinervation
      • Laryngeal Dystonia – Thyroplasty
      • Blepharospasm - Myectomy
      • Generalized Dystonia - Intrathecal Baclofen
    • Brain surgeries
      • Lesioning Procedures
      • Deep Brain Stimulation
      • Comparing Lesioning & DBS
      • Children & Brain Surgery
    • Discussing surgery with your doctor
  • Complementary Therapy
  • Find a Healthcare Professional
    • Join HealthCare Professionals Form
    • Join Mental Health Professionals Form
  • Frequently Asked Questions
  • Links
• Calendar of Events
  • Submit an Event
• About the Foundation
  • Mission & History
  • Board of Directors
  • Medical & Scientific Advisory Council
  • DMRF Programs
  • Musicians With Dystonia
  • Network Leadership
  • Staff
• Support
  • Creating Your Support Network
  • Emotional and Psychological Health
    • Tips and strategies
    • The Patient-Active Concept
    • Depression
    • Anxiety
    • Are you suicidal or severely depressed?
    • Misconceptions about suicide
  • Finding a Mental Health Professional
    • Join Mental Health Professionals Form
    • Join HealthCare Professionals Form
    • Descriptions of Mental Health Professionals
  • Relaxation and Stress Management
    • Learn to identify stress
    • Make a conscious decision to worry less
    • Practice relaxation
      • The Relaxation Response
      • Visualization
      • Mindfulness
      • Activities that calm you
  • Dystonia and Aging
  • Support Groups
    • Find a support group
    • Why join a support group?
  • Regional Coordinators
  • Online Support and Resources
  • For Kids
    • What is dystonia?
    • Questions and answers
    • Tips from other kids
    • What the DMRF can do for you
    • Publications for kids
  • For Teens
    • Important things to know about dystonia
    • Symptoms and causes
    • Teenagers with dystonia
    • Advice from other teens
    • What the DMRF can do for you
    • Publications for teens
  • How Dystonia Affects the Family
    • For caregivers
  • Links
• Order Brochures and Materials
  • Catalog and Shopping Cart
  • Books
  • Brochures
  • Videos/Tapes/CD\'s
  • Support Materials
  • Awareness Materials
  • Merchandise
• Donate
  • Donate or Join the DMRF
  • Make a Matching Gift
• Research
  • Funding Opportunities
  • Requests for Tissue
  • Residency Program
  • Dystonia Study Group
  • Research in 2008
• Advocacy
  • Legislative priorities
  • Dystonia Advocacy Coalition
  • Become a dystonia advocate
  • Advocacy tools
  • Links
• Contact Us
• How You Can Help
  • Donate
  • Promote Awareness
  • Fundraise
  • Join a Support Group
  • Join the Junior Advisory Council
  • Join the Media Action Group
  • Become a Legislative Advocate
  • Become a Brain Donor
    • Frequently asked questions
    • Contact information
  • Participate in a Clinical Trial
• News and Resources
  • DMRF News
  • Dystonia Dialogue
    • Articles from the Dystonia Dialogue
    • Back Issues
  • Dystonia in the Media
  • Publications & Multimedia

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